Easy methods to Make Extra Low Voltage Power Line By Doing Much less > 자유게시판

In one other embodiment, the native server 1 is related to the coordinator 2 wirelessly. In this embodiment, the local server 1 points a command to the coordinator 2 which executes the command by sending a corresponding data packet wirelessly to the sensible meters 3 by a radio frequency (RF) link, e.g. ZigBee that may or might not assist an trade normal corresponding to IEEE 802.14.5. Then the smart meters three ship an appropriate response again to the coordinator 2 by the same RF link. The current invention is expounded usually to meters for measuring power and extra particularly to a smart meter system. The smart meter system 50 comprises an area server 1 related to a coordinator 2 and good meters 3 (smart meter 1-N). In a single embodiment, the local server 1 is related to the coordinator 2 via wires. The sensible meter three contains a energy provide 35, a battery backup 36, a liquid crystal show or LCD show 37, a RF controller System-on-Chip (SOC) 38, and voltage and present sensors 39. The battery backup 36 provides a non-interruptible power provide in the event of a energy failure. The battery backup 36 allows the detection of energy failure within the good meter 3. The status of the battery backup 36 is reported in the Status register.

The native server 1 issues commands to the coordinator 2 via a coordinator-server interface control register. The power utilization might be accessed for example by displaying web pages utilizing any gadget that's linked to the native server or the internet. The ability utilization can be analyzed to allow system control, e.g. reduce off the power if needed. The database might be analyzed to find out optimal power utilization and distribution. But for non-resistive hundreds, comparable to AC motors, the average AC power could be calculated by the direct product of present and voltage averaged over a period of time. The typical energy dissipated in resistive loads, e.g. family appliances, could be calculated because the product of root-mean-squares of present and voltage averaged over a time interval. By eliminating the transformer the smart meter can be bodily smaller, less expensive and will not be tampered as within the case when the transformer core is placed in a saturation condition.

Another advantage of utilizing resistors and optically coupled isolators is the truth that voltage and present sensing's cannot be tampered as within the case of transformers by putting a robust exterior magnets in the close proximity as to saturate the transformer cores. The circuit designs for voltage and current sensing's and electrical isolation are disclosed. This bias situation enables the IR LED diode to function at a voltage bias situation to maximize the sensitivity of the optically coupled isolator and decrease the present consumption. The IF LED 9 is biased within the forward conduction region utilizing a voltage supply VB 8. This bias condition is set by selecting a current-limiting resistor RD 10 that is equal to the difference of bias voltage source VB eight and the ahead voltage VF of the IR LED diode divided by the forward present IF of the IR LED diode. These voltages are optically coupled and electrically remoted to the inputs of the low voltage circuits by using optically coupled isolators. Using optically coupled isolators, the sensed voltages in the high voltage energy lines are optically coupled and electrically remoted to the low voltage circuits. Circuits for the voltage and current sensing method are described using resistors and optically coupled isolators.

The method includes coupling no less than one resistor to a high voltage portion of the good meter. One common way to achieve that's to make use of voltage and current transformers. FIG. 6 is an illustration of circuit for voltage sensing transistor in an open collector configuration with a load resistor linked to the collector. FIG. Three is an illustration of circuit design for a current sensing portion of voltage and current sensors 39 in the sensible meter 3 of FIG. 2 for a single-part power line system. The smart meter system 50 is a many-to-one information communication topology. Cite:Bochuan Wang, Xixiu Wu, Zhuqing Xia, Xin Yang, and Zhining Yang, "Research on the Characteristics of the Low Voltage Power Line Carrier Communication Channel," Journal of Advances in Computer Networks vol. Pat. No. 9,000,753, entitled "SMART METER VOLTAGE AND Current SENSING Using OPTICALLY COUPLED ISOLATORS", which is integrated herein by reference. A transformer-less methodology and system for voltage and current sensing utilizing voltage drops throughout resistors is disclosed. A sensible meter system voltage and present sensing are performed as voltage drops across a shunt resistor in series with the ability line or from a voltage divider linked throughout the facility lines. The tactic includes coupling a resistor voltage divider to a excessive voltage portion of the sensible meter.